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United States Civil Service Commission
The United States Civil Service Commission was a government agency of the federal government of the United States which was created to select employees of federal government on merit rather than relationships. In 1979, it was dissolved as part of the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978; the Office of Personnel Management and the Merit Systems Protection Board are the successor agencies.
== History ==
In 1871, President Ulysses S. Grant and Congress passed Civil Service reform law that created the first United States Civil Service Commission, that was implemented by President Grant and funded for two years by Congress lasting until 1874. However, Congress who relied heavily on patronage, especially the Senate, did not renew funding of the Civil Service Commission.〔Brands (2012), pp. 543-544〕 President Grant's successor, President Rutherford B. Hayes requested a renewal of funding but none was granted.
President Hayes' successor, James A. Garfield, advocated Civil Service reform, but was assassinated by a rejected office seeker, Charles J. Guiteau. Guiteau wanted a job via the spoils system, also known as patronage.
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